Solar Power for Cabins

By Trace Marriott

Published on April 5, 2024

min read

Cabins are integral to local American tourism and the outdoor recreation lifestyle, dotting scenic mountainous regions, lakeshores, riversides, national parks, skiing destinations, sailing areas, camping grounds, and more. These cosy vacation homes serve as simple yet sufficient accommodations for tourists and outdoor enthusiasts alike.

With travel and outdoor recreation industries in the US experiencing unprecedented growth, there's a growing imperative to integrate sustainable living practices and renewable energy sources. Off-grid solar power systems have emerged as a popular solution, gaining significant traction in powering cabins, RVs, and holiday homes. These systems enable these structures to become energy-independent, autonomous units that operate without reliance on the local electricity grid.

Let’s understand how and why off-grid solar power is not only an ideal but also a practical power solution for America's thriving outdoor recreation and tourism industry. By embracing renewable energy sources like solar power, we can ensure that these cherished destinations remain pristine and accessible for generations to come while reducing our carbon footprint and promoting sustainable tourism practices.

Montana’s Outdoor Economy & Off-Grid Capabilities

Outdoor recreation is ingrained in the fabric of Montana's identity, owing to the state's breathtaking terrain of mountains, lakes, rivers, plains, and more. With over 71,000 people employed in the outdoor recreation industry, it plays a vital role in the state's workforce.

Montanans immerse themselves in a diverse array of outdoor activities, from kayaking and boating to RVing, sporting events, hiking, concerts, festivals, and beyond. Many Montanans embrace the outdoor lifestyle, spending days on end living out of cabins nestled amidst the natural splendour.

It is hardly surprising that an overwhelming 96% of Montanans recognize the significance of the outdoor recreation industry to the state’s economic future. Even amidst the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, Montana stood out among other states, boasting a considerable share of GDP attributed to outdoor recreation, as highlighted in a report by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.

According to the Bureau of Economic Analysis, Montana holds the notable distinction of ranking third in the nation for outdoor recreation production as a percentage of the total GDP. In 2021, the state recorded an impressive $2.5 billion in GDP attributed to outdoor recreation. Key contributors to this substantial figure included boating/fishing, RVing, and hunting, which formed a significant portion of overall spending within the outdoor recreation sector.

With Montana's vibrant outdoor recreation culture, there's a pressing need for renewable energy resources that can sustain activity, livelihoods, and sustenance in remote areas. Solar energy emerges as a frontrunner in this regard, being the fastest-growing sustainable power resource. It's reshaping how energy is generated, consumed, and stored, offering immense potential for remote communities.

Globally, the off-grid solar market is on a significant growth trajectory, reaching $2.07 billion in 2022 and projected to surge to $4.44 billion in 2029. Notably, in 2021, the United States surpassed Canada as the market with the highest demand for off-grid solar panels, indicating a burgeoning interest and adoption of solar energy solutions, particularly in regions like Montana with vast expanses of untapped natural resources.

Montana stands as an exceptional state to bolster off-grid energy capabilities, boasting 45% of its energy generated from renewable resources. Its flourishing outdoor recreation industry beckons hundreds of individuals to reside in cabins or RVs for significant portions of the year. Living off the grid is entirely legal in Montana, although adherence to zoning laws and homeowner restrictions specific to the county or zone is necessary.

The encouraging news is that Montana offers incentives for wind and solar power installations, including a 30% federal tax credit and a $500 income tax credit. Several regions within the state present ideal opportunities for off-grid capabilities, such as Madison County, Beaverhead County, Granite County, and the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex. Factors such as cost of living, sunny days, agricultural economy, and more contribute to their appeal.

Moreover, Montana has established off-grid laws aimed at supporting off-grid living, encompassing aspects from building cabin-like homes to sustainable waste management and off-grid energy generation. This regulatory framework fosters an environment conducive to embracing self-sufficient living practices while harnessing renewable energy sources to their fullest potential.

Idaho’s Outdoor Economy & Off-Grid Capabilities

Much like their neighbours in Montana, the population of Idaho also thrives on outdoor recreation. Engaging in activities such as trekking, fishing, water rafting, camping, cycling, and more is ingrained in the way of life in America’s Gem State. A staggering 79% of Idaho's residents actively participate in outdoor recreation, contributing to the industry's substantial impact on the state's economy. In 2022 alone, outdoor recreation brought in $3.4 billion, accounting for 3.1% of the state’s GDP for the year.

According to a study conducted by the Bureau of Economic Analysis on the Outdoor Recreation Industry in various states in 2022, Idaho stood out with RVing contributing significantly to its GDP generation. Amounting to 444,929, RVing formed the largest portion of the annual outdoor recreation GDP of $3.4 billion compared to any other outdoor activity. This underscores the importance of adopting sustainable and eco-friendly practices in operating and sustaining RVs and vacation homes. Implementing such methods not only reduces outdoor recreation costs but also facilitates energy independence, aligning with the ethos of Idaho's outdoor enthusiasts and promoting responsible stewardship of the state's natural resources.

In another study conducted by the Investment Property Exchange Services Inc. (IPX) across 29,000 different census-designated places across all 50 states, both Montana and Idaho emerged as states with a high concentration of vacation homes, ranging from 10-12% of total housing units. Notably, in Yellow Pine, Idaho, a striking 100% of homes were identified as vacation properties.

When it comes to off-grid capabilities in Idaho, the Gem State is primed to see a surge in solar-powered self-sufficient cabins. Any off-grid facility must adhere to the state’s regulations concerning safety and structural integrity, in addition to any applicable zoning laws. Popular destinations for off-grid cabins in Idaho include Island Park, Central Idaho, and Idaho County, renowned for their picturesque landscapes, mountain vistas, moderate population density, and welcoming communities. These areas offer ideal settings for individuals seeking to embrace off-grid living while enjoying the natural beauty and tranquility of Idaho's wilderness.

Idaho is actively promoting the adoption of solar energy among its residents through initiatives like the State Energy Loan Program. This program provides financial assistance of up to $15,000 for residents and up to $100,000 for businesses to finance energy efficiency projects for single-family homes across the state.

By offering accessible funding options, Idaho aims to incentivize homeowners and businesses to invest in solar energy systems and other energy-efficient upgrades. This not only helps residents reduce their energy costs but also contributes to the state's overall sustainability goals by decreasing reliance on traditional energy sources and reducing carbon emissions.

How Much Solar Capacity Does a Cabin Need?

Determining the appropriate solar capacity for a cabin is indeed a critical aspect of transitioning towards energy independence in the tourism sector. One rough method for estimating the total solar capacity needed for a cabin is to aim for around 120% of its total energy consumption.

However, for a more accurate assessment, it's beneficial to consult comprehensive studies and reports conducted by organizations such as the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). IRENA's reports, covering a decade from 2012 to 2022, provide valuable insights, statistics, and readings regarding off-grid solar, hydro, and bio-gas energy. These reports serve as invaluable resources for accurately estimating the solar capacity required for a facility, guiding decision-making processes and ensuring optimal energy efficiency in cabin operations.

Determining the solar capacity of a cabin is best approached by working backwards, starting with ascertaining the total energy consumption of all appliances in the cabin. This includes accounting for lighting, heating, entertainment systems, charging devices, and any other electrical equipment used.

To accurately calculate energy consumption in a cabin, it's crucial to consider not only the active power usage of appliances but also the stand-by power, often referred to as "phantom load," consumed by devices left on stand-by mode. Minimizing stand-by power is ideal to reduce unnecessary energy usage; therefore, it's advisable to unplug devices directly instead of solely relying on switching them off.

Here's a step-by-step approach to calculate energy consumption in a cabin:

  1. Inventory of Appliances

Compile a comprehensive list of all appliances and devices used in the cabin, including their power ratings (in watts). and estimated daily usage hours.

  1. Calculate Daily Energy Consumption

Multiply the power rating of each appliance by the number of hours it is used per day to determine its daily energy consumption. Sum up the energy consumption of all appliances to get the total daily energy usage. Multiply the reading given on the appliance and divide the total by 1000 to get the value in kWh per day to get the daily electricity consumption. For example, if the reading is 300 watts, multiply it by the number of hours of usage (assuming 6 hours), which is 2100 watts or 2.1 kWh per day.

  1. Consider Stand-by Power: 

Identify appliances that consume stand-by power even when not in use. Estimate the standby power consumption for each device and add it to the total daily energy usage.

      4. Account for Seasonal Variations

Take into account any seasonal variations in energy usage, such as increased heating or cooling requirements during certain times of the year.

      5. Add Buffer Consumption

Next, add a buffer consumption to provide for outages or extra usage on any given day. A moderate 25% buffer is the minimum, although it is always safer to opt for a higher buffer.

By following this step-by-step approach, cabin owners can accurately determine the solar capacity needed to achieve energy independence and meet their specific energy requirements.

Indeed, there are several other important considerations to take into account when ascertaining the solar power capacity of a cabin:

  • Hours of Direct Sunlight: Utilize data from reliable sources such as the  The National Renewable Energy Laboratory to understand the average hours of direct sunlight in the cabin's location. This data helps in estimating the solar potential of the area accurately.
  • Angle of Roof-Mounted Panels: The angle at which solar panels are installed on the cabin's roof significantly impacts their efficiency. Optimizing the angle to maximize sunlight absorption is crucial for enhancing the solar power capacity.
  • Topography Around the Cabin: Consider the surrounding topography, such as nearby trees or buildings, which may cast shadows and obstruct sunlight. Assessing potential shading issues helps in determining the optimal placement of solar panels for maximum exposure to sunlight.
  • Days of Autonomy: Factor in the possibility of consecutive days with limited sunlight due to weather conditions like rain or clouds. Incorporating solar battery banks enables the cabin to maintain power supply during periods of low solar energy generation, ensuring uninterrupted energy access.

By considering these additional factors alongside energy consumption calculations, cabin owners can make informed decisions regarding the sizing and installation of solar power systems to meet their specific needs and optimize energy efficiency.

Investing in a solar battery bank capable of storing at least two days' worth of your total daily power consumption is crucial for ensuring an uninterrupted energy supply, especially during periods of limited sunlight. While solar panels play a vital role in generating electricity, having the right battery bank is equally essential for storing excess energy generated during peak sunlight hours for use during low or no sunlight periods.

Conclusion

Powering cabins with solar panels offers numerous advantages, including energy independence, cost-efficiency, and sustainability. While there are challenges to consider, such as initial investment costs and ensuring adequate storage capacity, solar power systems for cabins are indeed a viable and beneficial proposition. 

By harnessing the abundant energy of the sun, your vacation home can become an energy-independent, self-sufficient unit, reducing reliance on traditional energy sources and minimizing your environmental footprint. 

Reach out to the experts at EonTech today to leverage our capabilities u in achieving energy independence for your cabin. We can help you navigate through the process of transitioning to solar energy, from assessing your energy requirements to designing and installing a customized solar power system.

Subscribe to Our Newsletter

Recent blog & articles

>